Fig. 2: Majority of Ae. aegypti fed on YFV-infected DENV-2 and ZIKV-immune NHPs are refractory to YFV infection.
Mosquitoes fed on infected NHPs were allowed to incubate for 14 days at 28 °C and 75% humidity. Mosquito infection rate (number of mosquito bodies infected/total number of engorged mosquitoes) is shown for mosquitoes fed on NHPs at day 3 (a) and day 4 (b) post-YFV infection. Each bar represents a cohort of mosquitoes fed on individual NHPs at respective time points. Values on top of each bar represent the number of mosquitoes tested positive/ total number of mosquitoes engorged. Log10 transformed viral titers in individual mosquito bodies at day 3 (c) and day 4 (d) post-YFV infection. Mosquito infectivity and viral titers have been shown for each animal since there is a variation in viremia levels despite a similar immune status. For statistical analyzes, the data for each group was combined and compared with the outcomes for the flavivirus-naïve group by two-tailed Fisher’s exact test. Similarly, viral titers have been shown for group of mosquitoes that fed on individual NHPs. For statistical analyzes, data from each group was combined and Log10 transformed values were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparison test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. The following significant difference compared to flavivirus-naïve (n = 3) group was observed: DENV-2 SN (n = 2) p = 0.2678 and ZIKV SN (n = 1) p = 0.0132 at 3 DPI, and DENV-2 SN (n = 2) p = 0.0026 and ZIKV SN (n = 1) p = 0.3132 at 4DPI. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
