Table 1 Statistics on relationships between plant and soil biota responses to GCFs across forests, grasslands, and croplands in mixed-effects meta-regression models

From: Decoupled responses of plants and soil biota to global change across the world’s land ecosystems

GCFs

 

Forest

Grassland

Cropland

CO2

Slope

0.32 (0.12 ~ 0.53)

− 0.06 (− 0.18 ~ 0.06)

0.02 (− 0.09 ~ 0.14)

P

0.002

0.31

0.66

n

95 (15)

72 (19)

81 (8)

W

Slope

0.02 (− 0.19 ~ 0.22)

−0.006 (− 0.10 ~ 0.08)

− 0.004 (− 0.11 ~ 0.10)

P

0.89

0.90

0.94

n

57 (12)

251 (32)

17 (3)

PRE-

Slope

0.06 (− 0.15 ~ 0.27)

− 0.006 (− 0.07 ~ 0.06)

P

0.58

0.85

n

37 (7)

260 (31)

PRE+

Slope

0.005 (− 0.16 ~ 0.17)

0.10 (0.02 ~ 0.18)

1.25 (0.80 ~ 1.70)

P

0.95

0.01

0.00

n

31 (2)

459 (35)

28 (2)

N

Slope

0.27 (0.10 ~ 0.44)

0.02 (− 0.05 ~ 0.09)

0.09 (− 0.30 ~ 0.48)

P

0.002

0.61

0.64

n

124 (27)

726 (78)

43 (8)

P

Slope

0.27 (0.14 ~ 0.39)

0.005(− 0.06 ~ 0.07)

0.01 (− 0.04 ~ 0.06)

P

0.00

0.88

0.70

n

39 (10)

124 (20)

135 (9)

N + P

Slope

0.01 (− 0.26 ~ 0.27)

− 0.007 (− 0.05 ~ 0.04)

− 0.03 (− 0.22 ~ 0.16)

P

0.96

0.77

0.78

n

22 (7)

150 (22)

11 (6)

  1. The slope indicates the coupling coefficient, and the numbers in parentheses are the variation intervals of the slope. P values indicate the statistical significance of coefficients by the two-sided z-test (\({{{\rm{\alpha }}}}=0.05\)). The letter n represents the sample size of paired data of plants and soil biota under GCFs, and the numbers in parentheses are the number of publications.