Fig. 4: Mechanistic studies of the C–C bond cleavage on the dilute Ru9Pt91 alloy.

a The H2 consumption rates and Ru-based specific activities of Pt/C, Ru9Pt91/C, Ru25Pt75/C, and Ru41Pt59/C catalysts. Reaction condition: 0.5 MPa H2, 300 °C, 340 mg PE, 20 mg catalyst, 8 h. b In situ DRIFTS spectra of PE hydrogenolysis at 300 °C and ambient pressure catalyzed by Ru9Pt91/C (above) and Ru41Pt59/C (below). The νas(CH2), νs(CH2), ν(C=C), and δ(C–H) represent the asymmetric CH2 stretching, symmetric CH2 stretching, C=C stretching, and CH bending, respectively. c Quasi in situ XPS spectra at Pt 4f of Pt/C, Ru9Pt91/C, Ru25Pt75/C, and Ru41Pt59/C with and without PE after a pretreatment in H2 (10 mL min−1) at 300 °C for one hour. Schematic illustration of the reaction mechanism proposed for Ru9Pt91/C (d) and Ru/C (e), where the grey, black, red, and white balls represent Pt, C, Ru, and H atoms, respectively.