Fig. 8: Axin1 promotes the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of PPARβ.

A, B The effect of overexpression of Axin1 on the half-lives of PPARβ in hepatocyte treated with CHX (n = 3, P = 0.0112, 0.0029). C, D The expression of PPARβ is detected by Western blot after treating with MG132 or CQ (n = 3, P = 0.000220, 0.071143, 0.000757). E Co-IP shows the ubiquitination level of PPARβ in hepatocyte treated with MG132 (n = 3). F Co-IP shows the ubiquitination level of PPARβ in HEK-293T treated with MG132 (n = 3). G Axin1 colocalized with PPARβ in the cytoplasm of hepatocyte (n = 3). H Molecular docking was employed to predict the binding interactions between Axin1 and PPARβ. I, J The immunoprecipitation of Axin1 and PPARβ was detected in hepatocyte (n = 3). K Full-length of Axin1 and its truncated forms (D6) with PPARβ were co-transfected into HEK-293T cells, IP with anti-Flag antibody followed by western blot (n = 3). L Full-length of PPARβ and its truncated forms (D1, D2, D3) with Axin1 were co-transfected into HEK-293T cells, IP with anti-His antibody followed by western blot (n = 3). M Full-length of Axin1 and its truncated forms (D6) with PPARβ were co-transfected into HEK-293T cells, Co-IP shows the ubiquitination level of PPARβ in HEK-293T treated with MG132 (n = 3). N V Secondary protein structure diagram of PPARβ. O The immunoprecipitation of Axin1, PPARβ, and RBBP6 was detected in HEK-293T (n = 3). P Co-transfected Axin1, PPARβ and siRBBP6, Co-IP shows the ubiquitination level of PPARβ (n = 3). IP immunoprecipitation, CHX cycloheximide, DMSO Dimethyl Sulfoxide, CQ chloroquine. Two-tailed t-test. The data are presented as mean ± SD. Three biologically independent experiments. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.