Fig. 3: Statistical and machine learning analysis.
From: Observation of metal-organic interphase in Cu-based electrochemical CO2-to-ethanol conversion
a Schematic illustration for the division rules of molecules tested according to types of coordination terminals and the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of functional groups. b Violin plot of relative FEC2H4 for each molecular category with a row of example molecular structures for each category (N/O/S terminals are plotted in blue, red, and yellow, respectively, hydrophobic groups in black, hydrophilic groups in red, and halogen atoms in green). c Violin plot of relative FEEtOH for each molecular category. d Violin plot of relative FEC2+ for each molecular category. e Violin plot of highest FEEtOH on tested S-molecules in different categories with a row of example molecular structures for each category. The gray dashed line represents the highest FEEtOH of the pristine CuOx catalyst. The embedded dashed black lines within each violin plot indicates the 25th and 75th percentiles with the median represented by the center solid black line. f SHAP analysis diagram based on the optimal combination of selected features in EtOH Faradaic efficiency using MLP model. The annotations connected by arrows in the figure are factor categories related to physicochemical property descriptors, and the remaining annotations connected by solid lines are related physicochemical property categories. Source data for Fig. 3b–e are provided as a Source Data file.
