Fig. 2: Structure of water-soluble LAAM GSH-CQDs.

a A TEM image of LAAM GSH-CQDs. Experiment was independently repeated three times with similar results. b Particle size distribution of LAAM GSH-CQDs obtained from TEM results. c An AC-TEM image of LAAM GSH-CQDs. Experiment was independently repeated three times with similar results. d XPS survey scan spectrum of LAAM GSH-CQDs. e XPS C1s curve-fitting spectrum of LAAM GSH-CQDs. f XPS N1s curve-fitting spectrum of LAAM GSH-CQDs. The black (—) and brown (—) lines represent the experimental and curve-fitted spectra, respectively. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.