Table 1 Screening of reaction conditions

1^a

No change from standard condition I

86 (83)^d

2^a

2 mA, 4 mA

72, 64

3^a

365 nm, 420 nm

77, 56

4^a

GF( + ), FTO(+)

23, 16

5^a

WO₃(+), TiO₂(+)

52, 61

6^a

BiVO₄-150(+), BiVO₄-175(+)

66, 74

7^a

Pt(-), Co(-)

87, 77

8^a

Acetone or DMF as solvent

68, 24

9^a

Et₄NCl or ⁿBu₄NCl instead of Me₄NCl

62, 73

10^a

TFA or MsOH instead of TfOH

65, 12

11^a

Without Me₄NCl or TfOH

N.D., Trace

12^b

No change from standard condition II

81 (78)^d

13^b

BiVO₄-150(+), BiVO₄-175(+)

63, 70

14^b

Ni(-), Co(-)

69, 59

15^b

Me₄NCl instead of Et₄NCl

70

16^b

TfOH instead of TFA

64

17^b

Without Et₄NCl or TFA

N.D.

18^a/b

No light

N.D.

19^a/b

No electricity

Trace