Fig. 1: Search for a direct descriptor for perovskite air electrocatalyst.

a Workflow diagram illustrating the process of database establishment and activity descriptor. b Potential correlation between Rp and Sconfig in the dataset. Each rectangular area in (b) represents the same Sconfig value. Degree of linear association between polarization resistance (from 750 °C to 650 °C) and (c) 6 theoretical physical atomic features, and (d) 7 experimental physical parameters for candidates in the database. e Correlation of lattice oxygen percentage (obtained from O1s XPS), VB XPS integration center, thermal Expansion Coefficient (TEC), and conductivity with polarization resistance (from 750 oC to 650 oC) for 12 selected materials from the database. f Correlation of extended distance VB-CB with polarization resistance (from 750 oC to 650 oC). g Co K-edge spectra of 5 candidates ranked in the top 10% by performance, along with PrBaCo2O5+δ. The inset shows the correlation between Rp and Co valence for 6 samples. Shaded areas in (d–g) represent the 95% confidence interval for linear fitting.