Fig. 1: Ceftazidime and ceftazidime-avibactam resistance of clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa submitted to short-term ALE on ceftazidime or ceftazidime-avibactam.

Resistance to ceftazidime and ceftazidime-avibactam was analyzed in 15 clinical isolates submitted to ALE in the presence of ceftazidime (CAZ; left panel) or ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA; right panel) for 3 days, 4 replicate populations each (120 populations). Only variations in MICs greater than 2-fold were considered biologically relevant to classify a population as “resistant” (purple), since control populations evolved in the absence of antibiotic (60 populations) may present subtle changes (below 2-fold) in their susceptibility to antibiotics with respect to the MIC of parental strains (22). MIC values (µg/ml) of all the evolved populations are included in Supplementary Data 1. Log2 (fold change MIC) values are represented in the diagram.