Fig. 5: Optimizing treatment selection between TA and RHR for rHCC by HEROVision.

a In the matched 2ndTA group, 23 out of 214 rHCC patients changed their risk categories after re-stratification by HEROVision-SR. Among them, 23 original high-risk patients could be downgraded to low-risk if they switched from TA to RHR (displayed by the orange to blue branch). b Comparison of predicted risk scores between the 64 high-risk patients and the 23 of them who required a change of treatment in the 2ndTA group. c Kaplan–Meier curves of PRS stratified by HEROVision-TA in the matched 2ndTA group. d The same analysis as (c) in the matched 2ndTA group after removing the 23 identified patients. e In the matched 2ndSR group, 10 out of 214 rHCC patients changed their risk categories after re-stratification by HEROVision-TA. Among them, six original high-risk patients could be downgraded to low-risk if they switched from RHR to TA (displayed by the orange to blue branch). f Comparison of predicted risk scores between the 91 high-risk patients and the six of them who required a change of treatment in the 2ndSR group. g Kaplan–Meier curves of PRS stratified by HEROVision-SR in the matched 2ndSR group. h The same analysis as (g) in the matched 2ndSR group after removing the six identified patients. P values were computed using the two-sided Mann–Whitney U test (b, f). Boxes indicate the upper and lower quartiles (Q3 and Q1), with a line at the median. Whiskers extend to the maximum and minimum values within 1.5 times the interquartile range. Outliers are shown as circles and identified via the interquartile range rule. The error bands (dashed lines) represent the 95% confidence intervals, and the P values were calculated using the two-sided Log-rank test (c, d, g, h). Source data are provided as a Source Data file. TA thermal ablation, SR surgical resection, RHR repeat hepatic resection, PFS progression-free survival, PRS post-recurrence survival.