Fig. 3: Maintenance of individual braille pattern information in higher-order cortical and sensory areas during the delay period of working memory tasks.
From: Supramodal and cross-modal representations of working memory in higher-order cortex
a Regions-of-interest (ROI), superior parietal lobule (SPL), intraparietal sulcus (IPS), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), and angular gyrus (ANG), are displayed on inflated lateral (left panel) and posterior-dorsal (right panel) surfaces. lh left hemisphere, S superior, I inferior, A anterior, P posterior, L lateral, M medial. b The mean discrimination indices for braille identity in SPL and IPS during the delay period of each task. Both SPL and IPS showed significant discrimination of individual braille stimuli across all tasks. c The mean discrimination indices for braille identity in dlPFC and ANG during the delay period of each task. In these areas, the decoding of braille identity was possible during cross-modal (TV and VT) tasks but not during within-modal (TT and VV) tasks. d Regions-of-interest (ROI), the left (contralateral) primary somatosensory cortex (S1) and the central early visual cortex (cEVC), are displayed on inflated lateral (upper panel) and posterior-dorsal (lower) surfaces. e The mean discrimination indices for braille identity in S1 and cEVC during the delay period of each task. In S1, significant decoding of individual sample stimuli was observed during the TT and TV tasks, but not during the VV and VT tasks. In cEVC, decoding of braille identity was possible during the VV, TV, and VT tasks, but not during the TT task. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 (one-sample t test, right-tailed, FDR-corrected); #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01 (two-way ANOVA, main effect of modality condition (within-modal versus cross-modal)). A full list of statistical values is provided in Supplementary Table 1. The lower, middle, and upper lines of each box represent the 25%, 50%, and 75% quartiles, respectively. The upper and lower whiskers extend to the highest and lowest data values within 1.5 times the interquartile range from the hinge. Each dot indicates the mean data value for each participant (n = 29).
