Fig. 4: Structures of aqPAM-CF and PAN-CF.
From: Carbon fibre production using an ecofriendly water-soluble precursor
a Optical microscope image of a cross-section of a single fibre extracted from aqPAM-CFs (precursor: a–5, stabilisation condition: 350 °C for 10 min, pre-carbonisation condition: 500–800 °C for 3 min, carbonisation condition: 1000–1400 °C for 3 min). b Optical microscope image of a cross-section of a single fibre extracted from modified PAN (mPAN)-based CFs (mPAN-CFs) (precursor: b–2, stabilisation condition: from 240 to 270 °C for 75 min, pre-carbonisation condition: 500–800 °C for 3 min, carbonisation condition: 1000–1400 °C for 3 min). c SEM images of a cross-section of a single fibre extracted from the aqPAM-CFs (precursor: a–5). d Raman ID/IG mappings of cross-sections perpendicular to the fibre-axis direction of a single CF from aqPAM-CFs (precursor: a–17, stabilisation condition: 330 °C for 12 min, pre-carbonisation condition: 500–800 °C for 3 min, carbonisation condition: 1000–1400 °C for 3 min) and mPAN-CFs (precursor: b–2, stabilisation condition: from 240 to 300 °C for 60 min, pre-carbonisation condition: 500–800 °C for 3 min, carbonisation condition: 1000–1400 °C for 3 min). e Raman spectra of the outer periphery and centre of the cross-sections (a–d) in Fig. 4d of aqPAM-CFs and mPAN-CFs.
