Fig. 3: Lithium-ion behavior during discharge.

a Schematic diagrams of the three Li|LLZO-GB | LZO models; b Discharges in the number of Li at the positive electrode; c Projection of the Li density distribution on the yz-plane for Model-0 and Model-2 at 2 ns; d Contour plot of the projection of the migration velocity on the yz-plane for Model-1; e Contour plot of the projection of the migration velocity on the yz-plane for Model-2; f Projection of the Li density distribution on the yz-plane for Model-0; g Projection of the Li density distribution on the yz-plane for Model-2s.