Fig. 5: Controlling the Dynamic Morphoskeleton: Repellers and Attractors.

A Repellers R1 and R2 (red) can be controlled combinatorially by confining the chick embryo and inhibiting mesendoderm induction. First three columns adapted from Figs. 2–4, showing \({\atop2}{\lambda }_{{t}_{0}}^{{t}_{f}}({{\bf{x}}}_{0})\) fields normalized by their spatial maxima. Fourth column shows perturbation simultaneously confining the embryo and inhibiting mesendoderm induction in the model and experiments with \({\atop2}{\lambda }_{{t}_{0}}^{{t}_{f}}({{\bf{x}}}_{0})\) normalized by the WT spatial maximum to emphasize the lack of deformation. Supplementary Movie 4 shows time evolution of model fields associated with the fourth column. B Control of attractor shapes (dashed black) in model and experiments by modulating cells' ability to ingress (16 hr treatment with 100 nM of VEGF receptor inhibitor axitinib) and initial mesendoderm shape (50 μg/ml FGF2 on the hypoblast). See²⁹ for experimental details. Fields show \({\atop2}{\lambda }_{{t}_{f}}^{{t}_{0}}({{\bf{x}}}_{f})\), normalized by their spatial maximum. B adapted from previous work³⁰.