Fig. 4: Refeeding increases endogenous TGR5 agonist DCA in the NTS of chow but not HF rats, while direct DCA infusion into the NTS of HF rats activates TGR5 to lower feeding. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Refeeding increases endogenous TGR5 agonist DCA in the NTS of chow but not HF rats, while direct DCA infusion into the NTS of HF rats activates TGR5 to lower feeding.

From: Pharmacological and physiological activation of TGR5 in the NTS lowers food intake by enhancing leptin-STAT3 signaling

Fig. 4

a Total bile acid levels in the plasma of chow rats during fasting (n = 5) or at 0.5 h after refed (n = 5). b Unconjugated bile acid levels in the plasma of chow rats during fasting (n = 5) or at 0.5 h after refed (n = 5). c Total bile acid levels in the plasma of HF rats during fasting (n = 6) or at 0.5 h after refed (n = 5). d Unconjugated bile acid levels in the plasma of HF rats during fasting (n = 6) or at 0.5 h after refed (n = 5). e DCA levels in the plasma of chow and HF rats during fasting (chow n = 5; HF n = 6) or at 0.5 h after refed (chow n = 5; HF n = 5). f Unconjugated bile acid levels in the NTS (pmol/g of tissue) of chow rats at 0.5 h (n = 6) or 2 h (n = 5) after refed. g Total bile acid levels in the NTS (pmol/g of tissue) of chow rats at 0.5 h (n = 6) or 2 h (n = 5) after refed. h Unconjugated bile acid levels in the NTS (pmol/g of tissue) of HF rats at 0.5 h (n = 5) or 2 h (n = 6) after refed. i Total bile acid levels in the NTS (pmol/g of tissue) of HF rats at 0.5 h (n = 5) or 2 h (n = 6) after refed. j DCA levels in the NTS (pmol/g of tissue) of chow and HF rats at 0.5 h (chow n = 6; HF n = 5) or 2 h (chow n = 5; HF n = 6) after refed. k Cumulative food intake of NTS saline shMM (n = 8), DCA shMM (n = 8), saline shTgr5 (n = 7), DCA shTgr5 (n = 8) HF rats 24 h after food was given back. l Representative western blot images of p-STAT3, t-STAT3, and GAPDH protein levels in the NTS of HF rats receiving a NTS DCA 5 min acute infusion, followed by a 3 h wait, then NTS CMC or leptin 5 min acute infusion, and a subsequent 30 min waiting time. m Illustration of TGR5 and leptin-STAT3 signaling in feeding regulation and associated experimental approaches. a–d, f–i P values were calculated by two-tailed t tests; e, j, k P values were calculated by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison. Data presented as mean ± SEM. DCA deoxycholic acid, HDCA hyodeoxycholic acid, CDCA chenodeoxycholic acid, CA cholic acid, UDCA ursodeoxycholic acid, α-MCA α-muricholic acid, β-MCA β-muricholic acid.

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