Fig. 1: Individual mRNA-LNP constructs encoding SCPA, SLO, SpyCEP, ADI and TF stimulate robust antibody responses.

Schematic illustrations of a soluble-expressing and b transmembrane-anchored (TM) mRNA constructs encoding SCPA, SLO, SpyCEP, ADI and TF antigens. The first and last amino acid positions and detoxifying mutations within antigen coding sequences are indicated. c–h Sera were collected from BALB/c mice (n = 5 per group) at 7 days after the primary immunization (day 7, blue), first booster (day 27, orange) or second booster (day 35, purple) with either NTFIX mRNA-LNP, PBS/alum, mRNA-LNP constructs expressing single GAS antigens as soluble or transmembrane (TM) proteins protein (2 µg mRNA), or single purified recombinant proteins formulated with alum (5 µg total protein/alum). Dot plots show (c) IgM, d total IgG, e IgG1, f IgG2a, g IgG2b and h IgG3 responses against the indicated antigens, as measured by multiplex Luminex assays, given as median fluorescence intensity (MFI). Each dot represents data from one mouse and the geometric mean for each group is indicated. The dotted lines indicate the median lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) of all analytes. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.