Fig. 1: Ethylene influences degradation of RhETR3 in a 26S proteasome-dependent manner.

a Effects of ethylene on flower opening and petal abscission. Rose flowers at stage 2 were treated with 10 ppm ethylene for 0, 12, 24, 36 or 48 h. Ten flowers were used for each treatment. Scale bar, 2 cm. b The expression of RhETR3 is induced by ethylene. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of RhETR3 expression in stage 2 rose flowers treated with 10 ppm ethylene for 3 h. RhUBI was used as an internal control. The mean values ± SD are shown from 3 biological replicates. Asterisks indicate significant differences (two-sided Student’s t-test, ****P < 0.0001). c RhETR3 protein levels in rose petals as the flowers age. Petal proteins were probed with anti-RhETR3 antibody. Coomassie brilliant blue (CBB) staining was used to show protein loading (bottom panel). 2, 3, and 5, the flower opening stages. Stage 2, opened buds; Stage 3, partially opened flowers; Stage 5, fully opened flowers. Scale bar, 1 cm. d Ethylene promotes the degradation of RhETR3 proteins. Rose flowers at stage 2 were treated with 10 ppm ethylene for 3 h. RhETR3 protein was visualized using an anti-RhETR3 antibody. CBB staining was used to show protein loading (bottom panel). e Degradation pattern of the RhETR3 proteins. Nicotiana benthamiana leaves expressing RhETR3-Flag were infiltrated with were infiltrated with DMSO control, 50 µM MG132, or 75 µM CHX for 6 h prior to a 3-h treatment with or without 100 ppm ethylene. Total proteins were isolated for Western blot analysis. ACTIN protein was used as a loading control. For (a–e) 3 independent experiments were performed, representative results are shown. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.