Fig. 6: RIPK4 regulates osteogenesis via MFN2.

a qPCR analysis demonstrating the downregulation of Ripk4 and Mfn2 (n = 3 per group). b, c ALP and alizarin red staining of in vitro osteogenesis following RIPK4 knockdown and dual knockdown of RIPK4 and MFN2. Scale bar, 250 µm. d–f Representative μCT reconstructive images of male Ripk4fl/fl, UbcCre/ERT2 Ripk4fl/fl and UbcCre/ERT2 Ripk4fl/fl Mfn2fl/fl mice femur at 16 weeks (d) and trabecular microstructural parameters (BMD, BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb.Sp and Tb.Th) (e) and cortical microstructural parameters (Ct.Th and Ct.Po) (f) derived from μCT analysis (n = 8 in Ripk4fl/fl group, n = 7 in UbcCre/ERT2 Ripk4fl/fl group and n = 6 in UbcCre/ERT2 Ripk4fl/fl Mfn2fl/fl group), demonstrating that knockout of MFN2 rescued RIPK4 ablation induced bone loss. Data are presented as mean ± s.d., with biologically individual data points shown. P values were determined by ordinary one-way ANOVA test with Tukey’s multiple comparisons (a, BMD, Tb.N, Tb.Sp of e), Brown-Forsythe and Welch ANOVA tests with Dunnett’s T3 multiple comparisons (Tb.Th of e) and non-parametric one-way ANOVA with Dunn’s multiple comparisons (BV/TV of e, f). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.