Fig. 1: Schematic diagram of the electron avalanche breakdown model.
From: Dynamic atomic-scale electron avalanche breakdown in solid dielectrics
a Collision ionization between electrons and atoms. b Multiplication of local electron density. c Breakage of chemical bond. d Formation of electron avalanche channel. q, λ, Eapp, Wi, Elocal, Welec and Wb represent the electron charge, the mean free path, the applied electric field, the ionization energy, the local electric field, the electric energy and the bond energy, respectively.
