Fig. 6: ATP hydrolysis by condensin I strongly stimulates protease-resistant lump formation.

a Frequency of lumps and loops on U-shape DNA formed by condensin I^WT (WT) or condensin I^EQ (EQ). Percentages of DNAs per condition are plotted (red: lump, blue: loop, white: N.D., mean ± SEM). b Frequency of lumps and loops on U-shape DNA formed in the presence of topo IIα^WT and either condensin I^WT or condensin I^EQ. Percentages of DNAs per condition are plotted (red: lump, blue: loop, white: N.D., mean ± SEM). c Stability of lumps formed by condensin I^WT or condensin I^EQ in the presence of topo IIα^WT. The translucent and solid points denote the individual lump and median of each trial, respectively. The bars represent the mean of the median ± SEM. d Time trace of the size of a lump formed by condensin I^WT or condensin I^EQ in the presence of topo IIα^WT. The line and shaded area denote the Exponential fits and interquartile ranges (black: condensin I^WT and topo IIα, amber: condensin I^EQ and topo IIα). Time 0 indicates the moment when condensin I bound to DNA. e Rate of lump formation in the presence of topo IIα^WT and either condensin I^WT or condensin I^EQ. The bars denote the median and quartiles. f Size of lumps formed in the presence or absence of either condensin I^WT or condensin I^EQ and topo IIα^WT. The bars denote the median and quartiles. g Frequency of protease-resistant and -sensitive lumps formed by condensin I^WT or condensin I^EQ in the presence of topo IIα^WT. Percentages of lumps per condition are plotted (black: protease-resistant, light gray: protease-sensitive, (mean ± SEM). All data in this figure were collected from 3 trials. DNA was stained with SYTOX Orange. All pvalues are calculated by a two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. Sample sizes are stated in the Source Data file.