Fig. 5: Fabricating 3D foam by replicating the microporous structure of polyacrylamide sacrificial molds.

a Schematic diagram of microporous structures replicated from PAAm sacrificial templates. b Epoxy replicated PAAm porous structure (cuboid thickness: 5 mm) and SEM images of cuboid epoxy foam cross-section. c 3D epoxy foam with different geometry. d Other 3D foam materials and corresponding cross-sectional microstructures. All scale bars are 10 mm unless otherwise noted.