Fig. 4: Actuation function handling and output methods for epidermal haptic feedback.
a Graphic representation of the closed-loop system featuring the exchange of motion signals and feedback between the engaging users. b Block diagram displaying the application’s handling of individual devices for operation of the feedback system. Feedback patterns for each motion type are stored in the mobile device, which can output a pulse or steady response simultaneously for each paired device. Group toggle function enables feedback in a synchronized/cascading pattern. Toggle intervals as shown on the right, illustrate the default activation times configured for each period. c Comprehensive signal output diagram recorded during the remote interaction between the users. User 1 (left) conducts the punching motion, transmitting the triggered data to the remote database for classification. The red dotted lines indicate the starting point for the feedback pattern for User 2 (right). Reciprocally, User 2’s exchange of squatting motion data to haptic feedback is also indicated through the blue dotted lines.
