Fig. 4: Detection of widespread main effects in the UK biobank. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Detection of widespread main effects in the UK biobank.

From: Concordance between male- and female-specific GWAS results helps define underlying genetic architecture of complex traits

Fig. 4

The percentage of all UK Biobank main effect loci with consistent direction of effects in the two sexes was plotted according to the male-derived p values. Main effect p values > 0.95 were excluded due to many low-frequency alleles. Directionality was determined using the sign of the effect size of each main effect loci. Phenotypes measured included BMI, height, obesity, and type 2 diabetes and are A sorted by male p values, or B sorted by absolute male beta values. C Simulated phenotypes (n = 10 simulations per group) using an increasing number of “causal” SNPs.

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