Fig. 2: FMO3 and TMAO are upregulated in WAT during natural ageing. | Nature Communications

Fig. 2: FMO3 and TMAO are upregulated in WAT during natural ageing.

From: Adipocyte FMO3-derived TMAO induces WAT dysfunction and metabolic disorders by promoting inflammasome activation in ageing

Fig. 2

a FMO3 expression in various tissues of 1-month-old (so-called “Young”, n = 6), 27-months-old (so-called “Old”, n = 4) and between these two time points from RNA-sequencing data of Mus musculus with accession number GSE132040. Liver: n = 17 for 0–6 M, n = 12 for 7–12 M and 13-18 M, and n = 14 for 19–27 M. b–g 3-month-old (Young) and 24-month-old (Old) male C57BL/6 J mice were used. b–d Immunoblotting analysis of FMO3 expression in eWAT, sWAT, BAT and liver. Densitometry analysis of FMO3 normalized with HSP90 is shown in (d). n = 4 for sWAT, eWAT, and BAT. n = 3 for liver. e Circulating levels of TMAO and choline. n = 5 for young. n = 4 for old. f TMAO level in the liver, eWAT and BAT as indicated. TMAO level is normalized with total protein concentration. n = 5 for liver and BAT. n = 3 for young and n = 5 for old in eWAT. g sWAT explants were incubated with 200 μM d9-TMA for 48 h, followed by d9-TMAO detection in tissue lysate. d9-TMAO level is normalized with total protein concentration. n = 3. h FMO3 expression in sWAT of 20–35 years old (so-called “Young”) and 60-85 years old (so-called “Old Aged”) from RNA-sequencing data of human subjects with accession number GSE175495. n = 12. i, j “Young” is defined as ages 16-46 years old (n = 6) and “Old Aged” as age ≥ 60 years old (n = 8) obtained from non-diabetes patients with nonfunctional adrenal adenoma who underwent adrenalectomy or partial adrenalectomy. i TMAO level in human sWAT. n = 14. j Pearson correlation analysis of TMAO level in sWAT and age. n = 14. k FMO3 expression in sWAT of humans after 1 and 2 years of calorie restriction. The BioProject accession number is PRJNA1018321. n = 6. All samples are biologically independent replicates, except for figure k for which samples used are repetitive measures of biological samples. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. Statistical significance was assessed using one-way ANOVA (a), one-way repeated (k) measures ANOVA, Student’s t-test (d–f with Welch’s correction for h), and Mann-Whitney U test (i). Abbreviations: Mesenteric white adipose tissue (mWAT).

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