Fig. 4: The biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of Dsv, MnO2, and Dsv@MnO2.
From: Micro-nano microbial fuel cell-driven bioelectrochemical tumor therapy
a Relative viability of NCM460 cells under different treatments. b Relative viability of CT26 cells under different treatments. For (a, b), the data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (n = 5 biologically independent cells). Source data are provided as a Source Data file. c Detection of intracellular ROS levels via DCFH-DA staining using CLSM and FCM. Scale bar = 150 μm. d Representative confocal microscopy images of H2S generation in CT26 cells after different treatments. Scale bar = 200 μm. e Representative confocal images of mitochondrial membrane potential changes in CT26 cells under different treatments. The green fluorescence represents JC-1 monomers, while the red fluorescence represents JC-1 aggregates. Scale bar = 50 μm. f Representative confocal images of DNA damage in CT26 cells under different treatments. Scale bar = 50 μm. For c–f, each experiment was repeated three times independently with similar results. g Quantitative analysis of fluorescence intensity for H2S production. h Quantitative analysis of fluorescence intensity for mitochondrial damage. i Quantification of DNA damage fluorescence. For g–i, the data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (n = 3 independent experiments). A one-way analysis of variance was applied to assess differences among multiple groups. Multiple comparisons were made using Dunnett-based statistical hypothesis tests. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. j Live/dead staining images of CT26 cells after various treatments. Scale bar = 150 μm. Each experiment was repeated three times independently with similar results. k Apoptosis analysis of CT26 cells under different treatments using flow cytometry.
