Fig. 2: Characterizations of membranes with subnanometer pores.
From: Long-life aqueous zinc-iodine flow batteries enabled by selectively intercepting hydrated ions
a Crystal structure model of ZIF-8-IMS with subnanometer diameter of 3.4 Å, b ZMC-IMS with a subnanometer diameter of 5.5–6.5 Å, and c MOF-5-IMS with subnanometer diameter of ~12 Å. d Cation (K+, Na+, and Zn2+) mobilities calculated using I/V profiles by N117, MOF-5-IMS, ZMC-IMS, and ZIF-8-IMS membranes. e I3− permeability and water migration of N117, MOF-5-IMS, ZMC-IMS and ZIF-8-IMS membranes. f UV-visible spectra of 10 mM KI3 solution after soaking with 50 mg of ZMC-IMS and CNT. g The zeta potential of N117, CNT, and ZMC-IMS membranes saturated by KI1.5 in 1.0 mM KCl solution. h The evolution of bonding energy of I3− interacting with the ZMC-IMS of metal/oxygen active sites and the electrostatic potential (ESP)-mapping of ZMC-IMS (Surface local maximum of ESP are represented as red spheres, and numbers mark out the corresponding ESP values). The details of the optimized structure can be seen in Supplementary Data 1. All error bars represent standard deviations from three independent tests.
