Fig. 1: Characteristics of 1115 closed carbapenemase-encoding plasmids identified from 1088 clinical isolates.

A Classification of plasmids by replicon typing. The asterisk indicates that the named Inc group is detected with multiple replicon types. B Classification of plasmids by MOB-type. C Heatmap showing the plasmids grouped into 48 plasmid clusters based on pairwise k-mer (21 bp) similarity. Plasmid clusters were named according to size, with PC1 comprising the most plasmids. The five largest clusters (PC1, PC2, PC3, PC4, and PC5) are annotated.