Fig. 2: Overall observational associations of vitiligo from meta-analyses.
From: Systematic evidence grading evaluates multisystemic associations and risks of vitiligo
A Associations between 85 factors and the risk of vitiligo. B Associations between vitiligo and the risk of 18 conditions. Different colors represent different categories, and the size of the circles for factors/conditions indicates the strength of evidence—larger circles correspond to stronger evidence. AITD autoimmune thyroid disease, GD Grave’s disease, HT Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, TPOAb anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies, TgAb anti-thyroglobulin antibodies, T1DM diabetes mellitus type 1, AAA anti-adrenal antibodies, MS multiple sclerosis, MG Myasthenia gravis, SS Sjogren’s syndrome, RA sheumatoid arthritis, SLE systemic lupus erythematosus, ANA antinuclear antibodies, AMA anti-mitochondrial antibody, ASMA anti-smooth muscle antibody, UC ulcerative colitis, IBD inflammatory bowel disease, PA Pernicious anemia, APCA anti-parietal cell antibody, BMI Body Mass Index, MetS metabolic syndrome, DM diabetes mellitus, HOMA-IR Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance, FBG fasting blood glucose, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride, HTN hypertension, DBP Diastolic Blood Pressure, SBP Systolic Blood Pressure, AA alopecia areata, AD atopic dermatitis, LS lichen sclerosus, LP lichen planus, CU chronic urticaria, LPP lichen planopilaris, DLE discoid lupus erythematosus, NMSC non-melanoma skin cancer, RPE retinal pigment epithelium, TFBUT tear film breakup time, OSDI Ocular Surface Disease Index, SFCT subfoveal choroidal thickness, IOP intra-ocular pressure, SOD superoxide dismutase, GPx glutathione peroxidase, MDA Malondialdehyde, CRP C-reactive protein, VC vitamin C, VE vitamin E, VD vitamin D, 25(OH)D 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25(OH)D3 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, VB12 vitamin B12, SRD substance−related disorder, ARD alcohol−related disorder.
