Fig. 1: Study 1 treatment effects.

a Treatment effects on respondents’ intentions to install solar panels (n = 3198). b Treatment effects on respondents’ intentions to participate in community solar (n = 4156). c Treatment effects on respondents’ belief in anthropogenic climate change (n = 7512). Data are presented as regression coefficient estimates with 95% confidence intervals from two-sided OLS regression with robust standard errors. Estimates for which the confidence intervals do not intersect the vertical line at 0 represent statistically significant treatment effects at the 0.05 level relative to the control condition. Dependent variables are composite scales based on factor scores from the individual measures.