Fig. 4: Photovoltaic performance.
From: Entropy-driven strategy stabilizes photoactive halide perovskites for inverted solar cells
a Schematic diagram of the fabricated device structure. J–V curves for b the control and c 2NTD-modified PSCs (aperture area: 0.09-cm2) from the reverse and forward scans. d EQE curves and integral current curves of the control and 2NTD-modified PSCs. e Steady-state power output of the 2NTD-modified PSCs under 1-sun illumination. f Statistics of PCEs for 60 individual devices. g J–V curves for the 2NTD-modified PSCs with aperture area of 1-cm2 from the reverse and forward scans. h Photograph of the fabricated mini-module. i J–V curves for the 2NTD-modified mini-module with active areas of 12.96-cm2 from the reverse and forward scans.
