Fig. 2: Shifted correlations between El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and land summer temperature due to volcanic eruptions.
From: Volcanic eruptions disrupt ENSO teleconnections with land summer temperature
Correlations between DJF Niño 3.4 and boreal summer land surface air temperature (\({T}_{a}\)) during the years not impacted (NVol; a) and impacted (Vol; b) by volcanic eruptions. Stippling denotes significance at the 0.05 level. Spatial pattern of the changed correlations (c) from NVol to Vol years and their areal percentage (d). Correlations from NVol to Vol years are separated by “_”, with “N”, “NS”, and “P” representing significant negative, non-significant, and significant positive correlations, respectively. The “P_NS”, for example, denotes a shift from a significant positive correlation during NVol years to a non-significant correlation during Vol years.
