Fig. 1: Scheme of nonreciprocal transverse localization.
From: Observation of nonreciprocal transverse localization of light
a Experimental scheme. A SLM is employed to modulate the vertically polarized forward coupling field Ec into a moiré pattern consisting of two honeycomb substructures. A backward coupling field Ec′ (vertical polarization, frequency ωc′ and wavevector kc′, from a different laser source with Ec) with a Gaussian profile counter-propagates with Ec (frequency ωc and wavevector kc). Two horizontally polarized probe beams Ep (forward case, frequency ωp and wavevector kp) and Ep′ (backward case) are sent into the Rb atomic vapor cell in opposite directions, and their output patterns passing through the atomic medium are imaged onto two cameras (CCD1 and CCD2). Δp, Δc and Δc′ are the frequency detunings of corresponding fields. HR: high reflective mirror, BS: beam splitter, CCD: charge-coupled device camera. b, c The Λ-type energy-level atomic configurations for forward and backward cases with Doppler effect considered.
