Fig. 5: Confirmation of progressive improvements in the endometrial receptivity of infertility patient using the EoC-ERS2 and validation of practical utility.
a Schematic of experimental design patterning on the EoC with a single RIF/RPL patient-derived endometrial tissue obtained after each clinical PRP administration, and recapitulation of the endometrial environment in the EoC. Created in BioRender. Ahn, J. (2025) https://BioRender.com/d88wxaub Immunofluorescence (IF) staining images of integrin αvβ3 (red) and OPN (green) with DAPI (blue) in patient-derived EoCs compared to parental tissues. Scale bar: 50 µm. c–f Quantification of integrin αvβ3 and OPN IF intensity in the EoCs (c, d) and patient’s endometrial tissue (e, f) (c; Normal vs. T1: p < 0.0001, Normal vs. T2: p < 0.0001, Normal vs. T3: p < 0.0001/ d; Normal vs. T3: p = 0.0387/ f; Normal vs. T1: p = 0.0438). n = 3 independent patient-derived EoCs. Data shown as mean ± SD and analysed by one-way ANOVA including P-values (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001). g IF staining of blood vessels (CD31; red). Scale bar: 200 µm. Quantification of area of angiogenic sprout (h) and blood vessel (i) in the EoCs, and blood vessel intensity (j) and blood vessel number (k) in patient’s endometrial tissue (i; Normal vs. T2: p = 0.018, Normal vs. T3: p = 0.0053, T1 vs. T3: p = 0.0184/ k; Normal vs. T1: p = 0.0493, Normal vs. T2: p = 0.0058, Normal vs. T3: p = 0.0015). Data shown as mean ± SD and analysed by one-way ANOVA including P-values (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001). Source data are provided as a Source Data file. l The ERS2 of the patient’s endometrium at every treatment. RIF Recurrent Implantation Failure, RPL Recurrent Pregnancy Loss, EMT Endometrial Thickness.
