Fig. 5: On-chip signal modulation and amplification. | Nature Communications

Fig. 5: On-chip signal modulation and amplification.

From: Unifying optical gain and electro-optical dynamics in Er-doped thin-film lithium niobate platform

Fig. 5

a Setup of a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) signal modulation and amplification chirped between 8 GHz and 12 GHz at a repetition rate of 800 kHz. BPF, band pass filter. b–g The received microwave signal and time-frequency spectra of the beatnote between the carrier and the sideband when the signal light is b, e at 1600 nm without pump light, c, f at 1550 nm with pump light and d, g at 1550 nm by using a TFLN-based modulator and an EDFA.

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