Fig. 2: BASIC workflow.

BASIC consists of three key steps, including 1) estimating cell-type weights from bulk eQTLs and sc-eQTLs; 2) using principal components of sc-eQTLs effects to cluster biologically similar cell types and cell states; 3) joint modeling axis-eQTLs and bk-eQTLs using a meta-regression model with principal components as covariates. The axis-QTLs can improve the discovery of risk genes for brain-related traits in downstream colocalization and TWAS analyses. This figure is created in BioRender. W, L. (2025) https://BioRender.com/r75v850.