Fig. 6: Magnesium supplementation prevents the progression of TUSC3-induced intellectual disability phenotypes before symptoms manifest.

a Experimental timeline. Four-week-old mice received chronic magnesium supplementation via drinking water containing MgT (910 mg/kg/day) for 42 days, followed by behavioral analysis. Created with BioRender.com. b, c Cognitive performance of MgT-treated WT and TUSC3 KO mice assessed in the Y-maze (b) and NOR test (c). d Stress-coping ability evaluated using the TST. e, f Social behavior assessed in the social interaction (e) and social novelty preference (f) tests (left). Time spent in each chamber (middle) and sniffing time (right) were measured. g, h Representative western blot of hippocampal tissues from WT and TUSC3 KO mice treated with vehicle or MgT (g). Quantification of indicated protein levels (h) (n = 3). i, j Representative confocal images of GluA1 immunohistochemistry in the CA1 (i) and CA3 (j) hippocampal regions from WT and TUSC3 KO mice treated with vehicle or MgT (n = 3). Scale bar: 50 μm. In these experiments, 10-week-old mice were used: WT: 8 (4 F, 4 M); WT + MgT: 8 (4 F, 4 M); KO: 6 (3 F, 3 M); KO + MgT: 8 (5 F, 3 M). Two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc multiple comparison test. All data are represented as mean ± S.E.M. Source data are provided as a Source data file.