Fig. 3: Elevated FAO activates TOR signaling in the Acc-depleted germline.

A Control (mCherry^RNAi) and ACC-knockdown (KD) germaria with α-spectrin (red, fusomes and follicle cell membranes) and Fibrillarin (yellow, nucleoli) labeling. B Germaria expressing the autophagy flux sensor GFP-mCherry-Atg8a (green and red) in combination with a control^RNAi or ACC^RNAi. Arrows indicate autolysosomes (red), and arrowheads indicate autophagosomes (bule). The percentages represent the proportion of germaria exhibiting large puncta of Fibrillarin (A) and yellow (B) signals in germaria (outlined by dashed lines), respectively. The number of germaria analyzed is indicated in parentheses. [Note that endoreplicating nurse cells in the egg chamber also exhibit large Fibrillarin puncta.] C Representative immunoblot shows expression of p4E-BP (Thr37/46) and pS6K (Thr398) in control and Acc-KD ovaries.N = 3. Actin was used as a loading control. Molecular weight markers are indicated to the right of the blots. D Germaria of the indicated genotypes with LamC (red, cap cell nuclear envelopes), 1B1 (red, fusomes), and p4E-BP (green, TOR signaling reporter) labels. E Germaria with the indicated genotypes with LamC (red), 1B1 (red), and OPP (green, translation rate) labels. F p4E-BP intensity per germarium in the indicated genotypes. G, G’ OPP intensity per GSC (G) and germarium (G’) in the indicated genotypes. Orange-filled and unfilled circles on the x axis in (F, G and G’) the expression of dCPT1^RNAi and gfp^RNAi lines, respectively, along with the indicated genotypes. Each dot in F and G’ represents a germarium and in G represents a GSC. Error bars indicate mean ± SD. ***, P < 0.001. Asterisks indicate significant differences compared with the control, or the comparisons between two groups indicated by a line. Statistical analyses were performed using the unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test. UAS-RNAi expression was driven by nos-GAL4. D7, 7-day-old. Scale bars are 10 μm.