Fig. 3: Insulin resistance measures at baseline and after 26 weeks by treatment group.

The graphs show the pre- and post-treatment endogenous glucose production (Panel A), glucose infusion rate (Panel B) and non-esterified fatty acids (Panel C) in the participants with type 1 diabetes treated with metformin or placebo (Panel D, E and F). Metformin had no significant effect on measures of liver, muscle or adipose insulin resistance. Analyses are two-sided using generalized linear mixed modelling without adjustment for multiple testing. Data are presented as means and 95% confidence intervals.