Fig. 3: Impact of spatiotemporal couplings on the wakefield structure.
From: Direct observation of a wakefield generated with structured light
a, b Experimentally obtained FREM images at the same point along the focal depth for PFC values of −0.002 and 0.020 fs/mm2, respectively. c Simulated FREM images for PFC values −0.002 fs/mm2 (top) and 0.020 fs/mm2 (bottom) and the (d) corresponding relative electron density distribution ne/n0 in PIC simulations. The color scale in (a–c) shows the relative intensity of the signal where 0 is the unperturbed beam intensity. The red color in (d) shows the intensity of the axiparabola laser field.
