Table 2 Protection of pre-existing antibodies against Hepatitis E cases and hospitalization cases

Period	Seropositive group (N=3194)		Seronegative group (N=3838)		Crude protection		Adjusted protection
Period	No. of cases	Incidence (/10000 p-yr)	No. of cases	Incidence (/10000 p-yr)	% (95% CI)	P value	% (95% CI)	P value
Hepatitis E
0-18m	1	2.1	3	5.2	59.9 (-285.1,95.8)	0.4282	67.3 (-232.6,96.8)	0.3448
0-30m	1	1.3	4	4.2	70.0 (-168.7,96.6)	0.2820	72.7 (-155.8,97.1)	0.2556
0-66m	2	1.1	6	2.8	60.0 (-98.3,91.9)	0.2622	64.0 (-84.4,93.0)	0.2202
0-90m	2	0.8	7	2.4	65.7 (-65.1,92.9)	0.1821	70.1 (-48.0,94.0)	0.1390
0-120m	2	0.6	8	2.1	70.0 (-41.3,93.6)	0.1279	71.5 (-37.9,94.1)	0.1186
Hepatitis E with hospitalization
0-18m	0	0.0	2	3.5	100.0 (-317.2,100.0)	0.2979	100.0 (-194.0,100.0)	0.2103
0-30m	0	0.0	3	3.1	100.0 (-106.0,100.0)	0.1626	100.0 (-83.7,100.0)	0.1367
0-66m	0	0.0	5	2.4	100.0 (1.5,100.0)	0.0484	100.0 (21.1,100.0)	0.0285
0-90m	0	0.0	6	2.1	100.0 (22.2,100.0)	0.0264	100.0 (38.9,100.0)	0.0133
0-120m	0	0.0	6	1.6	100.0 (22.3,100.0)	0.0264	100.0 (39.0,100.0)	0.0133

The analysis was conducted in the disease endpoint analysis (DE-A) set. A Poisson regression model was utilized to evaluate the relative risk (RR) of the incidence between the groups. The protection rate (%) was calculated as (1 − RR) ×100. The adjusted protection rate was calculated by including age, sex, and township as covariates in the model. All P-values are two-sided, except for the analysis of protection against hepatitis E with hospitalization, where the seropositive group had zero cases; in this instance, the lower limit of the 95% CI and the corresponding one-sided P-value were derived from an Exact Poisson Regression model. The total person-years were estimated as the maximum follow-up duration (120 months) multiplied by the number of participants in the set.
CI confidence interval.

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