Fig. 5: MPCs enhance immunity and survival over BCG in the MB49 orthotopic bladder cancer model.

Comparison of MPC-treated versus BCG-treated bladders for: A CD45⁺ percent of total live cells, B representative flow cytometry plots of the immune cell (WBC, CD45⁺) population, C NK cell (CD45⁺NK1.1⁺) percent of total live cells, D B cell (CD45⁺CD19⁺) percent of total live cells, E T cell (CD45⁺CD3⁺) percent of total live cells, F CD4⁺ T cell (CD45⁺CD3⁺CD4⁺) percent of total live cells, G CD8⁺ T cell (CD45⁺CD3⁺CD8⁺) percent of total live cells, H Neutrophil (CD11b⁺ Ly6G⁺) percent of total live cells, I Dendritic cell (CD45⁺CD11c⁺) percent of total live cells, and J macrophage (CD11b⁺F4/80⁺) percent of total live cells. K Experimental schedule for mice with delayed treatment. Mice were inoculated with MB49 bladder tumors on day 0 and subsequently received three weekly intravesical treatments with MPC_LF, BCG, or PBS control, or six bi-weekly treatments with MPC starting on day 3. L UMAP of PBS-treated (Control), BCG, and MPC17-treated mice bladders for tumor cell and immune cell components. Data represent mean ± SE. P values from flow analysis were derived by the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn’s test, ns P > 0.05; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. Mouse biological replicates n = 6 for PBS, n = 9 for BCG, n = 10 for MPC17 (A-J, L). M Survival rates of mice treated intravesically with MPC and BCG with treatment on day 2 (see Fig. 4N). N Survival rates of mice treated with intravesical BCG or MPC with treatment on day 3 (see Fig. 5K). P values from the Kruskal-Wallis with multiple comparisons test. ns P > 0.05; ∙ P < 0.1; * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01. n = 15, mice replicates (K, M, N). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.