Fig. 3: Control Module of G-Bot.

Schematic illustrations of (A) the Control Module, (B) the synchronized operation principle of the Imaging and Flow modules with the use of the CNC axis and the linear stage, and (C) tilting a microplate via the rotation stage during the dispensing or aspiration process with the Flow Module. D Schematic illustration of the precision test, where the Control Module moves the Imaging Module over a 20 cm travel distance, where a micrometric ruler was used to determine the variation between each motion cycle. The figure also shows the image of the ruler captured with the Imaging Module. E Variations across the XY-plane between each travel for the motions along the x-axis (black squares) and the y-axis (red squares) for n = 23 repetitions. F Image of MCF-7 cells under the cell medium and after the aspiration of the medium. G Fluorescence intensity (FL) vs. DAPI concentration, where the inset shows the exponential model (red curve) fitted to the mean fluorescence intensity data (black squares) for n = 12 replicates. H Fluorescence intensity after different numbers of PBS washes by dipping the tubing tip (Gray: FL after dipping, White: FL measured for PBS) for n = 12 replicates. In the figures, the bars represent the mean value of the experimental data, and the error bars are twice the standard deviation. I Schematic illustration showing how the rotation stage enables gentle sample shaking to improve cell distribution. Microscope images of the seeded MCF-7 cells on a 6-well microplate at t = 1 h and t = 48 h with the shaking mode (J) ON and (K) OFF.