Fig. 8: cGAL53 alleviates inflammatory response and enhances intestinal barrier integrity in intestinal colitis through the biased GALR2/β-arrestin2 pathway. | Nature Communications

Fig. 8: cGAL53 alleviates inflammatory response and enhances intestinal barrier integrity in intestinal colitis through the biased GALR2/β-arrestin2 pathway.

From: A novel long-galanin peptide from non-mammalian vertebrates mitigates the inflammatory response in IBD models via the biased GALR2/β-arrestin2 pathway

Fig. 8

a, b The chicken Galanin gene undergoes alternative splicing to produce two variants, cGAL29 and cGAL53. The blue line represents cGAL29, while the red line indicates the amino acid insertions specific to cGAL53. cGAL29 exhibits stronger activation of G protein signaling pathways via GALR2. In contrast, cGAL53 significantly enhances the recruitment of ARRB2 to GALR2. This pathway bias enables cGAL53 to demonstrate greater therapeutic efficacy in treating intestinal inflammation in chickens and mice. This is achieved by suppressing the expression of inflammatory cytokines to reduce colonic inflammation and by enhancing the expression of ZO-1 and occludin to improve colonic barrier integrity, ultimately alleviating intestinal colitis.

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