Fig. 3: Unified temperature dependence of relaxation times below T_g.

a There exists a linear relationship between ln(τ_eff/τ_g) and (T_g − T)/T_g for different types of glasses^{4,42,57,65,66,67,68}, and the slopes w of these glasses are different. b When (T_g − T)/T_g is multiplied by the slope w, it is found that all data can be unified onto a single master curve, indicating the effectiveness of Eq. (7) in describing the temperature dependence of relaxation times below T_g. c The relationship between the slope w of each glass in (a) and their fragility values^61,69,70,71 is approximately linear and equal. d The τ_eff at ambient temperature for Ce-based MG (black solid square), amber (pink solid circle), and lunar glass (purple solid triangle) are predicted using Eq. (7), and the error bars represent the standard deviation.