Fig. 5: Features of the gut microbiome during treatment with nab-paclitaxel + pembrolizumab. | Nature Communications

Fig. 5: Features of the gut microbiome during treatment with nab-paclitaxel + pembrolizumab.

From: Efficacy, safety, and predictive biomarkers of neoadjuvant nab-paclitaxel and pembrolizumab in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer: A randomized pilot trial

Fig. 5: Features of the gut microbiome during treatment with nab-paclitaxel + pembrolizumab.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

Relative abundances of microbial fatty acid biosynthesis genes at baseline (Timepoint 01; n = 17 patients) versus following monotherapy treatment (Timepoint 02) with nab-paclitaxel chemotherapy (Arm A, n = 9 patients, panel A or pembrolizumab immunotherapy (Arm B, n = 9 patients, panel B. For each metadata variable and/or stratification of the data, every pathway present in the filtered relative abundance table is tested for an association, and raw p-values are adjusted for false discovery across all pathways, using the Benjamini-Hochberg method (q-values). Associations with q < 0.25 are considered significant. C A heatmap showing the microbial pathways (assessed at baseline timepoint, n = 17 patients) significantly associated with RCB (q < 0.25). D Of all microbial pathways assessed, the arginine synthesis pathway was most strongly associated with RCB (RCB 0, n = 3 patients; RCB II, n = 6 patients; RCB III, n = 6 patients). For all box plots, the boxes range from quartile 1 to quartile 3 (Q1 to Q3), with the median value indicated by the line within the box. The whiskers extend to the most extreme points within 1.5 × interquartile range (IQR) from the box edges. Individual values outside the whiskers are considered outliers. RCB residual cancer burden, FDR false discovery rate.

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