Fig. 7: Vesicle morphologies with inhomogeneous filaments.

Selected equilibrium morphologies obtained from numerical optimization (left panels) and MD simulations (right panels). Cases of Δp = 0 (a) and v = 0.9 (b). For the theoretical modeling, χ = 1 is used. In the MD simulations, the simulation box size is b_s  = 160Σ, and 1/ε_r = 0.351 (a) and 0.333 (b). Each inhomogeneous filament has two segments, more flexible segment #1 (light brown or blue) of length L_s1 and bending stiffness Y_s1I_s1 and stiffer segment #2 (dark brown or crimson) of length L_s2 and bending stiffness Y_s2I_s2.