Fig. 4: Detection of “dead silicon” formation in pouch cells. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Detection of “dead silicon” formation in pouch cells.

From: A gel polymer electrolyte with multiple hydrogen bonding for pressure-free Ah silicon-based pouch cells

Fig. 4: Detection of “dead silicon” formation in pouch cells.

a In situ thickness monitoring of pouch cells’ first 5 cycles with different electrolytes. The current applied in the thickness monitoring is 0.2 C/0.2 C (320 mA), and the temperature is set to be 30 ± 2 °C. b Planar, cross-sectional SEM and FIB-SEM images of SiOx@Gr (600 mAh g–1) negative electrodes after 5 cycles. c Quantification of Li-Si alloy by DEMS titration measurements on different negative electrodes after 5 cycles. d-f TEM and FFT images of cycled SiOx (600 mAh g–1) with d LE, e QSE and f Upy-QSE after after 5 cycles. (Characterizations in (b–f) are all conducted after completely CC discharging batteries to 2.5 V with small current of 0.05 C, 80 mA).

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