Fig. 7: Influence of charge structure on ion transport.
From: Advanced biomimetic nanofiltration membranes for lithium recovery with anti-janus charge structure

a Schematic illustration of the local electric field distribution at the central and peripheral junctions of charged island domains on the membrane surface. b Conceptual illustration of the ion separation mechanisms in the AJ and JC membranes. c Geometric distribution of charged island domains and the corresponding interfacial packing density.