Fig. 1: Concepts of versatile in-sensor computing systems and photovoltage-based multifunctional photosensors.
a Schematics of photosensors exhibiting only dynamic photoresponse (DP) or programmable photoresponsivity (PP), and multifunctional photosensors exhibiting both the DP and PP. The multifunctional photosensors are used to construct a versatile in-sensor computing system that can integrate image memorization, low-level processing, and high-level computing functions. b Schematics illustrating the operation mechanism of a photovoltage-based multifunctional photosensor. This device operates by using its photo-generated charges to charge up itself and an external capacitor. The internal field (Eint) within the device provides the photovoltaic driving force. Tuning the Eint results in the PP. Additionally, the photo-generated charges induce an electric field Eph that can in turn modify the photovoltaic driving force, leading to the DP. till refers to illumination time.
