Fig. 4: Maps of model predictions for genus richness and the probability of a nematode reproducing asexually in the Atacama Desert.

The upper panel (A–C) displays predicted genus richness based on different modeling approaches and environmental variables, dark blue indicates lower genera richness and yellow indicates higher genera richness: A uses a generalized linear model with soil thickness and temperature range as predictors; B applies a linear mixed-effects model based on mean annual precipitation; and C employs a random forest model. In these maps, yellow indicates areas with higher predicted genus richness, while blue indicates areas with lower richness. The lower panel (D–F) presents the predicted probability of asexual reproduction, dark purple indicates higher likelihood of being sexual and light brown indicates higher likelihood of being asexual: D and E use elevation as a predictor in a generalized linear model and a generalized mixed-effects model, respectively, and F shows predictions from a random forest model. In these maps, dark purple indicates areas where sexual reproduction is more likely, while beige shows areas with a higher likelihood of asexual reproduction. ''Soil” is used as an abbreviation for soil thickness, ''RangeT” as an abbreviation for range of temperature, ''MAP” is used as an abbreviation for mean annual precipitation and ''Rock” as an abbreviation for rock type.